Some people can drive safely for a lifetime. Sometimes, though, medications or health problems make driving dangerous. This doesn't always mean that driving needs to stop; it may just mean it's time for some changes.

Signs of unsafe driving
Talk to the doctor if you notice these signs in yourself or a loved one:

• Stopping for green lights
• Switching lanes without looking
• Being confused by traffic signals
• Stopping when there's no stop sign
• Getting lost in familiar places
• Mistaking the gas pedal for the brake
• Running stop signs or red lights without realizing it
• Frequent close calls
• Feeling nervous or uncomfortable when driving
• Having trouble staying in the lane
• Frequent dents from mailboxes, fences, garage doors, etc.
• Being "honked at" frequently
• Difficulty turning and looking over shoulder when backing up
• Difficulty seeing the sides of the road when looking straight ahead
• Slower response time

Possible causes of unsafe driving
Certain factors can make driving dangerous. They include:

• Hearing problems. You may not hear honking horns, screeching tires and emergency sirens. In this case, a hearing assessment should be done.
• Vision problems. Aging causes us to lose the ability to detect sharp borders and changes in lighting. This is called contrast sensitivity, and it's necessary for driving. The doctor may suggest tinted lenses, a visor or some type of adjustment to your driving habits.
• Medications. Medications, such as benzodiazepines (Valium, Xanax, Ativan and Librium), can affect our ability to drive. Ask the doctor about the effects of all medications (even if they're over-the-counter).
• Medical conditions. Many conditions, including arthritis, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, can impair movement and response time. A checkup can help assess whether you or a loved one should be driving.

Before giving up the keys:

• Take a driving course for seniors or those with disabilities.
• Avoid distractions while driving (cell phones, radios, conversations, food, etc.).
• Drive only at certain times of day, in familiar areas.
• Exercise to stay healthy; socialize to keep mentally alert.
• Have regular hearing, vision and general check-ups.
• Ask about the side effects of medications.
• Change driving styles and make car modifications if necessary.

If someone you know needs help
If a relative is not driving safely, try to do the following:

• Discuss your concerns.
• Recommend a driving evaluation.
• Suggest other means of transportation (buses, taxis, etc.).
• Talk to your relative's doctor about the problem.
• If your relative stops driving, make sure he or she gets plenty of support and is given opportunities for social interaction.

When your loved one can no longer drive
If your relative has become a danger, but won't stop driving, follow these tips:

• Talk to your relative. Explain that driving could cause him or her injury or even death - or could injure or kill someone else.
• Talk to the doctor. Ask that a report be sent to the state motor vehicle agency stating that your relative should no longer drive.
• Reassure your relative. Point out that family members and friends will be there to offer rides. Also stress that buses, senior shuttles, taxis, etc. will be available.
• Talk about savings. Your relative may think public transportation is too expensive. Remind him or her of the savings from gas and tolls, and insuring, maintaining and registering a car each year.

Related Articles Lifesaving Tips for Drivers Knowing When an Aging Parent Needs Help

External Sources AARP. When is it time to quit driving? How Americans are making a critical - and difficult - decision. Accessed February 12, 2007. Helpguide.org. Senior citizen driving: warning signs and helping an unsafe driver to stop driving. Accessed February 12, 2007. The American Geriatrics Society. Safe driving for seniors. Accessed February 12, 2007.